27. CHRISTOPHER-W. LEDFORD
Information acquired: 2025
CHRISTOPHER-W. LEDFORD is an academic who published a paper in 2019 entitled Seeds of Suspicion. CHRISTOPHER-W. LEDFORD published this work as part of a team: Ledford, Christopher W.. Here is a description of this work: The,,central theory guiding my research is that interstate conflict, at least as covered in mass media, leaves residual cultural attitudes that can shape the political context in which elites formulate policy. Specifically, U.S. Interventionism in the Middle East has given rise to fundamental hostilities, founded on misguided biases, that shape involvement in the region today. I focus on one step within that broader theory, to test it empirically: the hypothesis that anti-Muslim stereotypes, when activated, will shape an individual's foreign-policy preferences. I begin by considering competing accounts that link 1) ethnocentrism or 2) targeted stereotypes with support for the use of military force in the Middle East. After careful review of the group-based and social-identity theories that undergird the two accounts, I synthesize them. nMy more-complete theory can be summarized as: Someone will exh.